无花果亚属植物异戊烯基类黄酮及其生物活性研究进展

Prenylated Flavonoids in Ficus subgenus:Chemistry and Bioactivities

摘要:

无花果亚属隶属于桑科，既是重要的水果资源，也是优良的中药资源，广泛种植于热带、亚热带地区，因含有丰富的生物活性成分和保健功效，经济价值突出。无花果亚属植物中异戊烯基类黄酮含量丰富，结构多样，已报道有37种异黄酮、2种黄烷酮、7种黄酮和1种查尔酮。无花果异戊烯基类黄酮具有突出的抗氧化活性，能够缓解更年期症状，保护骨骼、预防炎症、预防癌症等。从化学结构和生物活性两方面对无花果亚属植物的异戊烯基黄酮类化合物的研究概况进行总结，以期为该属植物的开发和利用提供参考。

Abstract:

Subgenus Ficus belongs to Moraceae, which is an important resource of fruit and herbal medicine. Ficus subgenus is widely planted in tropical and subtropical areas. It has outstanding economic value because of abundant bioactive compounds and multiple health benefits. Prenylated flavonoids are the characteristic bioactive compounds of Ficus subgenus, including 37 isoflavones, 2 flavanones, 7 flavones, and 1 chalcone. Numerous biological activities have been reported for these prenylated flavonoids, such as menopause relief, bone protection, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, cancer prevention and anti-bacteria activities. The updated information regarding the prenylated flavonoids in Ficus subgenus was summarized, and also their chemical structures and biological activities. The information is helpful for the development and utilization of this subgenus.