三叶木通藤茎的三萜成分及其抗菌活性研究

Triterpenes from Stems of Akebia trifoliata and Their Antibacterial Activities

摘要:

为阐明三叶木通（Akebia trifoliata）藤茎的化学成分及其抗菌物质基础，采用正、反相硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱及半制备液相色谱等方法对其化学成分进行研究，从其乙醇提取物中得到9个三萜类化合物，根据理化性质和波谱数据，其结构分别鉴定为stachlic acid A （1），齐墩果酸（2）、乌苏酸（3）、2α，3β-dihydroxyolean-13（18）-en-28-oic acid （4）、serratagenic acid （5）、gypsogenic acid （6）、20α-hydroxyl-29-noroleanolic acid （7）、mesembryanthemoidigenic acid （8）和12α-hydroxy-δ-lactone （9）。抗菌活性分析表明，化合物2和3对革兰氏阳性菌金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和枯草芽胞杆菌有显著的抗菌活性，但对革兰氏阴性菌鼠伤寒沙门氏菌无明显抑制作用。化合物3和7为首次从木通属中分离得到，化合物1、4、6和9为首次从该植物中分离获得。

Abstract:

To study triterpenes from Akebia trifoliata and its antibacterial activities, nine triterpenes were isolated from the ethanol extract by various methods, such as silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. Based on physical and chemical properties and spectral data, their structures were identified as stachlic acid A (1), oleanolic acid (2), ursolic acid (3), 2α,3β-dihydroxyolean-13(18)-en-28-oic acid (4), serratagenic acid (5), gypsogenic acid (6), 20α-hydroxyl-29-noroleanolic acid (7), mesembryanthemoidigenic acid (8) and 12α-hydroxy-δ-lactone (9). The compounds 2 and 3 had strong antibacterial activity against three tested bacterial strains in vitro. Compounds 1,4, 6 and 9 were isolated from A. trifoliata for the first time, compounds 3 and 7 were isolated from genus Akebia for the first time.