杉木育种亲本生长和结实性状早期测评与选择

Early Evaluation and Selection of the Chinese Fir Breeding Parents Based on Growth and Cone Production Traits

摘要:

为推进杉木（Cunninghamia lanceolata）育种进程，对广东乐昌市龙山林场和韶关市曲江区国有小坑林场杉木第3代育种园亲本群体的早期（3 a生）生长和结实性状进行分析。结果表明，同一育种园亲本无性系在生长性状（树高、胸径、单株材积、冠幅）和结实能力上存在显著差异，生长性状的差异甚至达到极显著水平（P<0.01），表型变异系数、遗传变异系数分别为12.8%~73.5%、6.5%~59.2%，生长性状重复力也处于较高水平（≥0.70），利于亲本的再选择。采用最佳线性无偏预测法（BLUP）估算亲本生长性状育种值并进行综合排名（各生长性状育种值排名均在前50%内），结合结实能力表现，从龙山育种园和小坑育种园中分别选出生长和结实皆优亲本22和30个，2处育种园共有的生长和结实皆优亲本有cx836、cx837、cx840、cx845、cx851、cx856、cx859和cx877等。

关键词:杉木;亲本;育种值;早期选择

Abstract:

In order to promote the breeding process of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), growth and cone production traits of parent clones at 3-year-old in the third generation breeding gardens of Chinese fir in Longshan Forest Farm of Lechang City and Xiaokeng Forest Farm of Qujiang District of Shaoguan City in Guangdong Province were studied. The results showed that all of the growth traits, such as height, diameter at breast height (DBH), individual volume and canopy, varied significantly (P<0.01) among clones in the same breeding garden with phenotypic and genetic variation coefficients ranged from 12.8% to 73.5% and 6.5% to 59.2%, respectively. Furthermore, all of growth traits had high repeatability (≥ 0.70), which was beneficial for parent re-selection. The best linear unbiased prediction method (BLUP) was used to estimate the breeding values of each parent clone regarding different growth traits and resulted in a ranking. When selection was made for growth (the breeding values of growth traits were all in the top 50%) and cone production traits, 22 and 30 elite parents were identified from Longshan Breeding Garden and Xiaokeng Breeding Garden respectively, with a common list harboring the clones of cx836, cx837, cx840, cx845, cx851, cx856, cx859 and cx877.

Key words:Chinese fir;Parent;Breeding value;Early selection