蝴蝶兰成花过程内源激素含量的变化和植物生长调节剂的作用

Changes in Endogenous Hormones Content and Effect of Plant Growth Regulators of Phalaenopsis during Flowering Period

摘要:

为了解植物生长调节剂对蝴蝶兰（Phalaenopsis）成花的作用，对‘大辣椒’和‘富乐夕阳’ 2个品种成花过程中的内源激素含量变化和生长调节剂的影响进行了研究。结果表明，蝴蝶兰花芽分化进程包括花序原基分化、小花原基分化、花萼分化、花瓣分化和合蕊柱（雄蕊和心皮）与唇瓣分化等时期。在花序原基分化期，高水平的ABA和IAA抑制营养生长，成花后水平下降，花发育结束后，水平再次升高；GA₃和ZR可促进细胞分化与分裂。外施GA₃可提前花期，显著增加花梗长度；外施6-BA可显著提高‘富乐夕阳’的双梗率。因此，在蝴蝶兰花期可适当喷施生长调节剂，调控花期和花量。

Abstract:

In order to understand the effect of plant growth regulators on flowering of Phalaenopsis, the changes in endogenous hormone contents and influence of growth regulators in ‘Big Chilli’ and ‘Fullers Sunset’ were studied during flowering. The results showed that the flower bud differentiation process of Phalaenopsis included inflorescence primordium differentiation, floret primordium differentiation, calyx differentiation, petal differentiation, stamen column (stamen and carpels) and labellum differentiation. During the inflorescence primordium differentiation stage, ABA and IAA with high level inhibited vegetative growth, and the level droped after flowering and rose again after flower development. GA₃and ZR could promote cell differentiation and division. Spraying GA₃ could advance flowering and significantly increase stalk length, while spraying 6-BA could significantly improve the double stem rate of ‘Fullers Sunset’. Therefore, at the flowering stage, Phalaenopsis could be properly sprayed with growth regulators to regulate the flowering stage and the amount of flowers.