自然越冬期姜花属植物生理指标变化及抗寒性评价

Changes in Physiological Characteristics of Cold Resistance of Hedychium and Evaluation during Natural Overwintering Period

摘要:

为了解姜花属（Hedychium）植物的抗寒性并筛选抗寒种质，测定了3种姜花属植物和11个品种在自然越冬过程中的相对电导率、可溶性蛋白质和MDA含量及SOD、POD活性的变化，采用主成分分析结合隶属函数法对姜花属植物抗寒性进行综合评价及聚类分析。结果表明，姜花属植物的5个生理指标随越冬时间的延长均呈先上升后下降的变化趋势，多数于气温最低月（2月）达到最大值。同一时期，抗寒性强的种类或品种的相对电导率和MDA含量较低，而SOD和POD活性及可溶性蛋白含量则较高。SOD活性与MDA和可溶性蛋白含量分别呈显著负相关和极显著正相关；MDA含量与可溶性蛋白含量呈极显著负相关；相对电导率与MDA含量呈极显著正相关。主成分分析表明，5个指标可转化为2个主成分，累积贡献率达81.29%。综合评价结果表明，姜花属植物的抗寒性由强到弱为：‘橙汁’姜花、‘橙塔’姜花、‘活宝’姜花、‘黄白’姜花、白姜花、‘西里岛’金姜花、‘伊丽莎白’姜花、‘粉红色’姜花、峨眉姜花、‘塔拉’金姜花、‘绝色’姜花、‘美梦成真’姜花、‘白星’姜花、‘星爆’姜花。这为筛选姜花属优良的抗寒种类和品种资源的推广与应用提供了理论和实践依据。

Abstract:

In order to explore the cold resistance of Hedychium species and select the cold-tolerance species, the changes in relative conductivity, contents of soluble protein and malondialdehyde (MDA), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) of 3 species and 11 cultivars of Hedychium were studied under natural overwintering condition and then their cold resistance were comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis combined with subordinate function method. The results showed that the five physiological indexes increased at first and then decreased along the winter, and most of them reached the maximum value in the coldest month (February). In the same period, the species or varieties with strong cold resistance had low relative conductivity and MDA content, and high activities of SOD and POD, as well as soluble protein content. The correlation analysis showed that SOD activity was significantly negatively correlated with MDA content, and soluble protein content was extremely significantly positively correlated. MDA content and soluble protein were significantly negatively correlated. Principal component analysis showed that the five indicators could be converted into two principal components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 81.29%. The decreased order of cold resistance of Hedychium germplasm and cultivars by comprehensive evaluation was H. ‘Orange Crush’, H. coccineum var. aurantiacum ‘Orange Brush’, H. ‘Clown Suit’, H. chrysoleucum, H. coronarium, H. gardnerianum ‘Kahili’, H. coronarium ‘Elizabeth’, H. ‘Pink V’, H. flavescens, H. gardnerianum ‘Tara’, H. ‘Tarissima’, H. ‘Fireflies’, H. stenopetalum ‘White Stars’, and H. coronarium ‘White Starburst’. Therefore, these would provide theoretical and practical basis for the selection of excellent cold-resistant species of Hedychium and the promotion and application of variety resources.