乐昌含笑不同家系的叶形态与生长差异分析

Analysis of Leaf Morphology and Growth Differences among Michelia chapensis Families

摘要:

为了解乐昌含笑（Michelia chapensis）叶形态和生长性状的家系变异特征，对15个家系的叶形态性状和生长指标及其相关性进行了分析。结果表明，乐昌含笑叶片形态在家系间和家系内均存在显著差异，不同家系间以帽子峰家系叶形态的平均变异系数最大（23.55%），乐九5家系的最小（12.63%）；不同叶形态性状间以干物质质量的变异系数最大（25.50%），叶柄长宽比的最小（5.14%）；树冠浓密度、胸径和树高在家系内的变异比家系间的显著。相关分析表明，叶长与叶宽、叶干物质质量与叶面积之间均呈显著正相关关系（P<0.05）。根据聚类分析结果，15个家系可分为4类，第I类家系具有树冠浓密、树体高大等特征；第II、III类家系具有树冠较稀疏且树体较矮小等特征；第IV类家系具有树冠较稀疏但树体较高大等特征。因此，这为乐昌含笑树种的合理开发利用提供了理论依据。

关键词:乐昌含笑;家系;叶;形态;生长

Abstract:

In order to explore the variability of leaf characters and growth traits among different families of Michelia chapensis, the leaf morphology, growth indexes and their correlations of 15 families were analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences in leaf characters among M. chapensis families. The coefficient of variation (CV) of leaf characters in Maozifeng family was the largest (23.55%) among 15 families, and that in lejiu5 family was the smallest (12.63%). Among seven leaf characters, the CV of dry matter mass was the largest (25.50%), and that of petiole length-width ratio was the smallest (5.14%). The variation of crown density, DBH and tree height (H) within families was more significant than that between families. The correlation analysis showed that leaf length had significant positive correlation with leaf width (P<0.05), as well as the correlation between leaf dry matter mass and leaf area. According to cluster analysis, 15 families could be divided into 4 categories. The families in category I had dense crown and tall tree, those in categories II and III had sparse crown and short tree, and those in category IV had sparse crown but tall tree. Therefore, these would provide a theoretical basis for the rational development and utilization of M. chapensis.

Key words:Michelia chapensis;Family;Leaf;Phenotype;Growth