米老排叶片营养成分与利用前景分析

Nutritional Ingredients in Leaves of Mytilaria laosensis and Its Utilization Prospects

摘要:

为探讨米老排（Mytilaria laosensis）叶片的潜在利用价值和开发前景，对其叶片的营养成分进行了测定。结果表明，9 a生植株的幼嫩叶片中粗蛋白、粗脂肪和水分含量显著低于成熟叶片；2 a生和10 a生米老排叶片的膳食纤维含量均超过50%，总糖含量为15.04%~16.25%；幼树叶片的维生素C含量[1 651mg/（100 g）]和总黄酮含量[10 862 mg/（100 g）]较高。2 a生和10 a生植株成熟叶片均含有16种氨基酸，其中必需氨基酸7种，药效氨基酸8种，分别占氨基酸总量的38.67%~40.23%和62.89%~67.43%；第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸，必需氨基酸的SRC值为64.46~64.48，表明叶片可提供优质的植物蛋白。不同年龄植株叶片的Zn/Cu< 10和Zn/Fe< 1，对动物吸收无不利影响。可见，米老排叶片含有多种营养物质，富含粗蛋白、粗脂肪和氨基酸，粗纤维和膳食纤维、维生素C、总黄酮、Ca、Se含量高，在木本饲料添加剂、保健功能产品和森林蔬菜等方面具有良好的开发利用潜力。

Abstract:

In order to explore the potential utilization value and development prospects of Mytilaria laosensis leaves, the nutrient ingredients in leaves were measured. The results showed that the contents of crude protein, crude fat and water in young leaves of 9-year-old tree were significantly lower than those in mature leaves; and the dietary fiber content in leaves of 2- and 10-year-old trees exceed 50%, and total sugar content was 15.04%-16.25%. The vitamin C content in young trees was 1 651 mg/(100 g), and the total flavonoid content was 10 862 mg/(100 g). There were 16 kinds of amino acids in mature leaves of 2- and 10-year-old trees, including 7 essential amino acids and 8 medicinal amino acids, accounting for 38.67%-40.23% and 62.89%-67.43% of total amino acids, respectively. The first limiting amino acid was methionine with SRC value of 64.46-64.48, indicating that the leaves could provide high-quality plant protein. The mineral elements in the leaves showed Zn/Cu< 10 and Zn/Fe< 1, indicating no adverse effects on animal absorption. Therefore, the leaves of M. laosensis contained abundant nutrients, including crude protein, crude fat, amino acids, crude fiber, dietary fiber, vitamin C, total flavonoids, Ca and Se content, showing potential development and utilization prospection in woody feed additives, health functional products, and forest vegetables.