成都地区19个木芙蓉品种的孢粉学研究及其分类学意义

Pollen Morphology of 19 Cultivars of Hibiscus mutabilis in Chengdu and Its Taxonomic Significance

摘要:

为了解成都地区木芙蓉（Hibiscus mutabilis）品种间的亲缘关系，采用扫描电镜观察了19个木芙蓉品种的花粉显微结构，并探讨其分类学意义。结果表明，19个木芙蓉品种的花粉均为大粒，主要为圆球形，具散孔，外壁纹饰均为刺状纹饰，表面具有颗粒状突起。木芙蓉品种间在花粉粒大小、外壁纹饰上具有一定差异，可以作为品种分类的重要依据。聚类分析可以将19个木芙蓉品种划分为3大类，类型I和II的花粉较大，刺细尖；类型III的花粉较小，刺短粗，刺间距离较小。这为木芙蓉品种间亲缘关系研究和品种分类提供了孢粉学依据，也为新品种的选育提供了理论参考。

Abstract:

In order to understand the relationship among Hibiscus mutabilis cultivars, the pollen morphology of 19 cultivars were observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and its taxonomy significance was discussed. The results showed that pollen grains of 19 cultivars were usually large and spherical with spine and pantoporate, and granular protrusions on surface. There were differences in pollen grain size and exine pattern among cultivars, which could be used as an important basis for identification of cultivars. The cluster analysis indicated that the 19 cultivars could be divided into 3 types, the pollen grains of type I and II were large with fine tip spines, and those of type III were small with stubby spines and short distance between spines. Therefore, these would provide palynological basis for the studies on the relationship and the classification among H. mutabilis varieties, and also provide a theoretical reference for the breeding of new varieties.