6个粤糖甘蔗亲本及其杂交组合的育种价值评价

Assessment on Breeding Value of Six Yuetang Parents of Sugarcane and Their Cross Combinations

摘要:

为了解粤糖系列甘蔗（Saccharum officinarum）亲本的遗传特点和组合选配效果，采用家系评价方法，对以6个粤糖系列亲本（‘粤糖00-236’、‘粤糖03-373’、‘粤糖93-159’、‘粤糖94-128’、‘粤糖99-66’、‘粤糖08-1966’）为核心配置的55个组合F₁群体的6个主要性状的遗传效应、经济育种值等参数进行估算。结果表明，6个性状中茎径受母本、父本加性基因效应和非加性基因效应影响，株高、锤度、含糖量和蔗茎产量受父本加性基因效应和非加性基因效应影响，而有效茎数受父本加性基因效应影响。6个亲本中，‘粤糖94-128’作为母本的蔗茎产量的一般配合力效应值和经济育种值最高，适宜做高产的母本，而‘粤糖93-159’作为父本的含糖量的一般配合力效应值最高，经济育种值也较高，适宜做高糖父本。55个组合中，‘粤糖94-128’ב桂糖02-761’、‘粤糖00-236’ב桂糖94-119’和‘桂糖02-467’ב粤糖93-159’等的特殊配合力效应值和组合经济育种值均较优，可作为重点生产性家系。这为应用粤糖亲本进行杂交组合配置提供了依据。

Abstract:

In order to understand the genetic characteristics and effects of combination selection of Yuetang parents of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), the genetic effects, economic breeding values of 6 main traits of F₁ population from 55 combinations were estimated by using family test method, which families were combined from 6 Yuetang parents, such as ‘YT00-236’, ‘YT03-373’, ‘YT93-159’, ‘YT94-128’, ‘YT99-66’, and ‘YT08-1966’. The results showed that among six parameters, the stalk diameter was controlled primarily by female and male additive genes effects and non-additive genes effects. The plant height, brix, sugar content and cane yield were mainly controlled by male additive genes effects and non-additive genes effects. The tiller number was controlled just by male additive genes effects. The general combining ability (GCA) of cane yield and economy breeding value (EBV) in ‘YT94-128’ as female were the highest among six varieties, which could be used as high-yield female, while ‘YT93-159’ possessed the highest GCA of sugar content and relatively high EBV as male, which could be used as high-sugar male. Among the 55 combinations, the cross combinations ‘YT94-128’בGuitang02-761’, ‘YT00-236’בGuitang94-119’ and ‘Guitang02-467’בYT93-159’ had better special combining ability and EBV than the others, which could be considered as the most important productive families. Therefore, these would provide helpful information for using Yuetang parents in cross combination.