基于表型性状和SSR标记的57份辣椒种质遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of 57 Germplasms of Capsicum annuum Based on Phenotypic Traits and SSR Markers

摘要:

为了解辣椒（Capsicum annuum）种质资源的遗传多样性，以57份辣椒种质资源为材料，对34个表型性状进行变异度、多样性及主成分分析，分别基于表型性状和SSR分子标记进行聚类分析。结果表明，种质间的34个表型性状存在差异，平均变异系数为40.67%，平均Shannon-Weiner多样性指数为1.20；提取的10个主成分可以代表辣椒种质表型性状75.972%的遗传信息，其中第1主成分占比22.317%，主要由果实横径、单果重、果肩形状和果顶性状所组成；19对SSR引物的平均Nei's基因多样性指数及香农信息指数分别为0.48和0.80；基于表型性状和SSR标记均将57份辣椒分为4类，但2种聚类结果间的相关性不显著（r=-0.175 9）。这为辣椒育种的亲本选配及种质资源评价提供理论依据。

Abstract:

In order to understand the genetic diversity of Capsicum annuum germplasms, the coefficient of variation, diversity and principal components analysis of 34 phenotypic traits of 57 germplasms were studied, and the cluster analysis of them based on phenotypic traits and SSR markers were carried out, respectively. The results showed that there were significant differences in 34 phenotypic traits among Capsicum germplasms, the mean coefficient of variation and Shannon-Weiner diversity index were 40.67% and 1.20, respectively, and the 10 principal components could represent 75.972% of genetic information of phenotypic traits, the first principal component accounted for 22.317%, which was mainly composed of fruit transverse diameter, single fruit weight, shoulder shape and top character; the average Nei's genetic diversity index and Shannon information index of 19 SSR primers were 0.48 and 0.80, respectively. Based on phenotypic traits and SSR markers, fifty-seven Capsicum germplasms could be divided into 4 groups, but the correlation between two clusters was not significant (r=-0.175 9). So, these would provide theoretical basis for selection of parents and evaluation of germplasm resources in Capsicum breeding.