安徽宁国珍稀濒危植物华东黄杉的种群动态研究

Studies on Population Dynamics of An Endangered Plant of Pseudotsuga gaussenii in Ningguo, Anhui Province

摘要:

为探讨华东黄杉（Pseudotsuga gaussenii）种群的年龄结构和动态变化，以径级结构取代龄级结构，运用匀滑技术建立静态生命表，引入4个生存函数对安徽宁国华东黄杉种群数量的动态变化特征进行分析。结果表明，华东黄杉种群为衰退型，幼龄期的华东黄杉株数较少，仅占总株数3.78%；中龄期的植株数量较多，占80.04%。华东黄杉种群的生命期望值随龄级增加而逐渐降低，种群的存活曲线属于Deevey-Ⅱ型。群落中种子萌发率低，林下幼苗少，这与群落郁闭度高、林下光强不足、个体竞争能力差有关。华东黄杉幼龄个体不足，中高龄级植株无法及时补充，人为干扰严重，致使华东黄杉种群结构不稳定。因此，建议建立保护小区来保护华东黄杉种群。

Abstract:

In order to understand the age structure and dynamic changes of Pseudotsuga gaussenii population, four survival functions were used to discuss the dynamic changes of P. gaussenii population in Ningguo, Anhui province by replacing age classes with size classes and establishing static life table with smoothing technique. The results showed that P. gaussenii in Ningguo was declining population. The number of individuals at juvenile stage was very small, accounting for 3.78% with low survival, while the number of individuals at middle-age stage was high, accounting for 80.04%. The life expectancy of P. gaussenii decreased with the increment of age. The survival curve of P. gaussenii population belonged to Deevey-Ⅱ type. The seed germination rate was low and there were few seedlings, which were related to the high canopy density, the insufficient light intensity and the poor individual competitiveness in the community. The young individuals were insufficient, individuals at middle-and high-age could not be supplemented in time, and human disturbance was too serious, which caused to unstable population structure of P. gaussenii. Therefore, it was recommended that small reserve would be established to protect P. gaussenii population.