从种内、种间化感作用分析入侵种薇甘菊及其近邻种的非协同进化趋势

Investigation on Non-coevolutionary Trends of the Invasive Plant Mikania micrantha and Its Neighbouring Species by Analyzing Their Intraspecific and Interspecific Allelopathy

摘要:

为预测入侵植物与其邻近物种间的非协同进化趋势，分别提取薇甘菊（Mikania micrantha）及其近邻种五爪金龙（Ipomoea cairica）、葛藤（Pueraria lobata）和鸡矢藤（Paederia scandens）的叶片水提液处理幼苗，对薇甘菊及其近邻种的种内、种间化感作用进行研究。结果表明，薇甘菊对3种近邻种的化感作用呈现不同趋势（SE=0.50，0.61，-0.16），但种内存在较强的化感促进作用（SE=0.61），说明其种内化感竞争较弱；葛藤的种内化感促进作用（SE=0.32）弱于薇甘菊，种间的化感促进作用与薇甘菊相似（SE=0.52，0.50）；五爪金龙种内化感促进作用（SE=0.06）弱于薇甘菊和葛藤（SE=0.32），种间促进作用（SE=0.24）弱于薇甘菊（SE=0.61）；鸡矢藤的种内、种间化感作用均表现为抑制作用（SE=-0.18，-0.07），说明种内、种间化感竞争较强。野外调查表明4种植物分布的频度和多度均表现为薇甘菊 > 葛藤 > 五爪金龙 > 鸡矢藤，这与化感竞争力结果一致。可见，种内与种间化感作用在入侵植物与近邻植物的综合竞争力中扮演着极为重要的作用，这为入侵种与近邻种之间的非协同进化趋势指明了方向。

Abstract:

In order to predict the non-coevolutionary trend between invasive species with their neighbor species, the seedlings of invasive species Mikania micrantha and three neighboring species, including Ipomoea cairica, Pueraria lobata and Paederia scandens were treated with aqueous leaf extracts, the allelopathic relationship between them were studied. The results showed that the allelopathic effects of M. micrantha on the neighboring species varied with SE=0.50, 0.61, -0.16 for I. cairica, Pueraria lobata and Paederia scandens, respectively, and there was a strong promoting allelopathic effect in intraspecific M. micrantha (SE=0.61), indicating its weak intraspecific competition. The allelopathic effect of intraspecific Pueraria lobata (SE=0.32) was weaker than that of M. micrantha (SE=0.61), and its interspecific allelopathic effect was similar to that of M. micrantha (SE=0.52, 0.50). The allelopathic effect of intraspecific I. cairica (SE=0.06) was weaker than that of M. micrantha and Pueraria lobata (SE=0.32), and its interspecific promoting effect (SE=0.24) was weaker than that of M. micrantha. The intra-and inter-specific allelopathy showed inhibiting effects in Paederia scandens (SE=-0.18, -0.07), demonstrating their strong intra-and inter-specific allelopathic competition. The distribution frequency and abundance of four species in the field were in the order as M. micrantha > Pueraria lobata > I. cairica > Paederia scandens, which is consistent with the results of the allelopathy competitiveness. Therefore, the intra-and inter-specific allelopathy play a very important role in the comprehensive competitiveness of invasive species with their neigboring plants, which sheds the lights on non-coevolutionary trends between the invasive species and their neighboring species.