香辣蓼,中国春蓼属(蓼科)一新归化植物

Persicaria odorata (Lour.) Soják. (Polygonaceae), A Newly Naturalized Plant in China

摘要:

报道了中国春蓼属一新归化植物：香辣蓼[Persicaria odorata（Lour.） Soják]，并对其形态学特征进行了详细描述，提供了形态照片，同时分析了其用途。该种原产于中南半岛，被作为香料植物在云南、广西、广东及江西等地的傣族或客家人聚居区广泛栽培，现在云南西双版纳傣族自治州及德宏傣族景颇族自治州发现大量归化居群。香辣蓼与特产于中国江西的武功山春蓼（P.wugongshanensis B.Li）最为近似，二者叶片均具有强烈的气味，叶片及花被片具腺点，二型花柱，花序基部间断，花梗长于苞片，区别在于本种为多年生草本植物，具发达的根状茎，叶片披针形至狭披针形，果实表面光滑有光泽。

Abstract:

Persicaria odorata (Lour.) Soják is a perennial odoriferous herb and native to Indo-China. The species has been widely transplanted in China by Dai and Hakka peoples of Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi and Yunnan provinces, and recently found to be naturalized in some tropical regions of Yunnan. Persicaria odorata is most similar to the Chinese endemics P. wugongshanensis B. Li in having leaves and tepals minutely glandular, inflorescences spike-like and interrupted, flowers dimorphic, and pedicels longer than bracts, but clearly different from the latter by having developed rhizomes, lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate leaf blades, and shiny achenes. The present study reports the morphology, distribution and usages of P. odorata and provides its illustration.