粤东亚热带森林群落树种组成对苔藓植物分布的影响

Influence of Tree Species Composition in Subtropical Forest Communities on Bryophyte Distribution in Eastern Guangdong

摘要:

为探究森林群落树种组成对苔藓植物分布的影响，利用多元统计方法研究粤东亚热带地区苔藓植物的组成和分布对林分类型的响应。根据森林乔木层的树种组成划分为翻白叶树（Pterospermum heterophyllum）、木荷（Schima superba）+米锥（Castanopsis carlesii）和米锥3种森林类型。结果表明，3种森林类型中苔类（liverworts）和藓类（mosses）植物群落组成特征总体上存在显著差异；双齿裂萼苔（Chiloscyphus latifolius）和细指苔（Kurzia gonyotricha）在3种类型林分中的重要值变化指示了苔类植物群落的差异。3种类型林分中，均以东亚拟鳞叶藓（Pseudotaxiphyllum pohliaecarpum）为优势种。不同林分中藓类植物种类组成主要表现为亚优种分布的不同。这表明森林群落树种组成作为重要的生物因子，对林内苔藓植物的分布和种类组成有重要影响。

Abstract:

In order to understand the effects of tree species composition in forest community on distribution of bryophytes, the responses of species composition and distribution of bryophytes to forest types in the subtropical forest communities of eastern Guangdong were studied by using multivariate methods. Forest stands were classified into 3 types according to tree species composition, such as Pterospermum heterophyllum, Schima superba + Castanopsis carlesii, and C. carlesii communities. The results showed that the species composition and distribution of both liverworts and mosses had significant difference among three forest stands. The difference in importance values (IV) for Chiloscyphus latifolius and Kurzia gonyotricha among the forest stands indicated the overall variations in liverwort distribution. The moss species, Pseudotaxiphyllum pohliaecarpum, dominated in all of three forest stands, and the difference in moss species composition was represented by the distribution of sub-dominant moss species among the forest stands. So, it was suggested that as the important biotic factors, the tree species composition of forest communities had significant influence on the species composition and distribution of bryophytes.