橄榄种质资源花序表型性状遗传多样性研究

Studies on Genetic Diversity on Inflorescence Phenotypic Characteristics of Canarium album Germplasm Resource

摘要:

为了解橄榄[Canarium album（Loureiro）Raeuschel]花序表型性状的遗传多样性，对90份橄榄种质资源的花序性状进行观测分析。结果表明，橄榄花序的类型、支轴紧密度、着生位置和花性等表现出较丰富的多样性；从数量性状看，花序花朵数的变异系数最大，其次为支轴花朵数，变异系数最小的是花蕾直径，此外橄榄雄花花序的多样性较雌花丰富。花蕾直径与花瓣长度呈极显著正相关关系，与花序长度、花序支轴数、花序花朵数和支轴花朵数呈极显著负相关。聚类分析结果表明，橄榄种质资源的花序类型可分为3类，大部分雄花和雌花类群间差异较明显。因此，橄榄花序表型性状存在多样性和复杂性，且花序重要单一性状可能影响整体表型。

Abstract:

To understand the genetic diversity of inflorescence phenotypic characteristics of Canarium album (Loureiro) Raeuschel, the inflorescence characters of 90 germplasms of C. album were observed in Fuzhou Nursery of Chinese Olive Germplasm Resources of Agriculture Ministry. The results showed that the inflorescence characteristics, such as type, peduncle density, position and flower sex had abundant diversity. The variation coefficient of flower number was the largest, followed by the number of flower on peduncle, and that of flower bud diameter was the smallest. In addition, the male inflorescences had more diversities than female inflorescences. The flower bud diameter had significantly positive relation with petal length, and significantly negative relation with inflorescence length, peduncle number, flower number and flower number on peduncle. According to cluster analysis, the inflorescence type of C. album germplasms could be divided into 3 groups, there were distinct differences in most of male and female flower groups. Therefore, it was suggested that there were diversity and complexity in inflorescence phenotypic characteristics of C. album, and the important single trait would affect the overall phenotype.