木豆不同品种和叶龄对叶片氨基酸形成的影响和聚类分析

Effects of Different Germplasms and Leaf Ages on Amino Acid Formation in Pigeonpea Leaves and Cluster Analysis

摘要:

为了解木豆（Cajanus cajan）叶片的氨基酸含量的变化，对19份种质资源和1~3叶龄的木豆叶片氨基酸含量进行研究。结果表明，不同种质资源和叶龄的木豆叶片中均含有17种氨基酸，必需氨基酸以苏氨酸、异亮氨酸和赖氨酸的含量最高，分别为0.67%、0.70%和0.48%，非必需氨基酸以丝氨酸、酪氨酸和组氨酸的含量最高，分别为0.69%、0.66%和0.44%。除赖氨酸和丙氨酸外，其余15种氨基酸含量在木豆叶片中总体上随着叶龄的增加呈现上升趋势。不同种质资源的木豆叶片中总氨基酸含量差异明显。聚类分析可将19个木豆种质资源划分为低氨基酸型（I）、中氨基酸型（II）、中高氨基酸型（III）、高氨基酸型（IV）等4大类型。这为高品质木豆叶茶的加工与高氨基酸木豆品种选育提供了理论依据。

Abstract:

In order to understand the changes in amino acid contents of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) leaves, the amino acid contents from 19 pigeonpea germplasms at 1-3-leaf-old were determined. The results showed that there were 17 kinds of amino acids in leaves of all pigeonpea germplasms at different leaf ages. The contents of threonine, isoleucine and lysine were the highest among the essential amino acids, with amounting to 0.67%, 0.70% and 0.48%, respectively, while those of serine, tyrosine and histidine were the highest among non-essential amino acids, with amounting to 0.69%, 0.66% and 0.44%, respectively. Except lysine and alanine, the other 15 kinds of amino acids in the leaves of pigeonpea generally increased along leaf age. The contents of total amino acids in the leaves were significantly different among different pigeonpea germplasms. Nineteen pigeonpea germplasms could be divided into four types by cluster analysis, such as low amino acid type (I), medium amino acid type (Ⅱ), medium and high amino acid type (Ⅲ) and high amino acid type (IV). Therefore, these would provide a theoretical basis for the processing of high-quality leaf tea and breeding of high-amino acid varieties of pigeonpea.