短枝木麻黄国际种源试验和早期选择

Provenance Characteristics and Early Selection of Casuarina equisetifolia

摘要:

为选择短枝木麻黄（Casuarina equisetifolia）的优良家系，对来自10个国家23个种源109个家系的短枝木麻黄生长性状进行综合选择。结果表明，造林42个月后短枝木麻黄的树高、胸径、单株材积、抗虫性、健康状况和保存率在种源和家系间均存在极显著或显著差异。印度种源（18118）、中国种源（18267、18268和18586）、泰国种源（21199、18299和18297）在生长速度上表现较好；肯尼亚种源（18144、18142、18135）、澳大利亚种源（17862）、瓦努阿图种源（18312和18565）的抗虫性较好；瓦努阿图种源（18312）和肯尼亚种源（18142）的健康状况表现较好；中国种源（18586）、越南种源（18128）和肯尼亚种源（18144）的保存率较高。单株材积的遗传力最高，保存率和抗虫性的较低，健康状况的最低。利用单株材积、抗虫性、健康状况和保存率进行指数选择，按25%的入选率，28个综合性状优良的家系可作为下一步杂交育种的遗传材料。

Abstract:

In order to select excellent families of Casuarina equisetifolia, the growth characters of 23 provenances 109 families from 10 countries were comprehensively selected in Chihu State-owned Protective Forest Farm, Fujian Province. The results showed that there were significant differences among provenances and families in Height, diameter at breast height (DBH), individual volume, insect resistance, health status and survival rate afforestated for 42 months. The growth rate of 1 India provenance (18118), 3 China provenances (18267, 18268, 18586), and 3 Thailand provenances (18297, 18299, 21199) was higher than that of other provenances. The resistance against Anoplophora chinensis of Kenya provenances (18135, 18142, 18144), Australia provenance (17862), Vanuatu provenances (18312, 18565) was strong. The health status of Vanuatu provenance (18312) and Kenya provenance (18142) was better than that of other provenances. Three provenances from China (18586), Vietnam (18128) and Kenya (18144) showed higher survival than other provenances. The heritability of individual volume of C. equisetifolia was the highest, followed by survival and insect resistance, and health status was the lowest. The individual volume, insect resistance, health status and survival rate were used to index selection. According to selection rate for 25%, 28 families were considered as superior genetic materials of C. equisetifolia for cross-breeding in the further.