中国2种归化植物新记录

Two Newly Record Naturalized Species in China

摘要:

报道了发现于辽宁省的2种中国归化植物新记录：白毛马鞭草（Verbena stricta Vent.）和向日葵（Helianthus annuus L.），白毛马鞭草穗状花序粗壮而紧凑，单生枝顶或呈简单的聚伞状或圆锥状排列，且花序轴在果期显著延长，叶卵圆形，无柄，与中国有报道的本属其他物种区别明显。该种原产美国西部至中部地区，近来在辽宁省铁岭市发现有归化。向日葵原产于北美地区，被发现广泛归化于辽宁省大连市，营口市鲅鱼圈也有发现。归化种群形态特征与该地区栽培类型完全不同，其花序极多分枝，头状花序直径较小，瘦果极小，表面纹饰多样性很高。

Abstract:

Verbena stricta Vent. (Verbenaceae) and Helianthus annuus L. (Asteraceae) are reported as the newly record naturalized species in Liaoning province, China. Verbena stricta Vent. is characterized by its stout compact spike (vs. slender), spikes solitary or in simple cymes or panicled, and greatly elongating in fruit; leaves ovate-orbicular (vs. oblong-lanceolate or bipinnatisect), sessile, which is significantly different from other species of the genus Verbena from China. The species is native to eastern and central United States, and has recently naturalized in Tieling city, Liaoning province. The sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is native to North America, which has been widely naturalized in Dalian city, also found in Bayuquan of Yingkou city. The morphological characteristics of the naturalized population are completely different from the cultivated type in this area for the copiously branched inflorescence, small capitula and achene, and highly diversified sculpture of achene outer envelope.