人为干扰对栲树次生林群落物种多样性和土壤理化性质的影响

Effect of Human Disturbance on Species Diversity and Soil Physio- chemical Properties of Castanopsis fargesii Secondary Forest

摘要:

为探究人为干扰对栲树群落的影响，采用典型样地法研究不同程度人为干扰对碧峰峡栲树（Castanopsis fargesii）次生林群落的物种多样性和土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明，碧峰峡栲树群落共有维管植物148种，隶属60科106属。乔木层和草本层物种多样性指数随干扰强度的加强先增加后减小，灌木层物种多样性水平最高。乔木层优势种以栲树、杉木（Cunninghamia lanceolata）等为主，灌木层物种丰富，优势种较多，草本层优势种数量为中度干扰 > 轻度干扰 > 重度干扰。土壤有机碳、钾含量和含水量与群落物种多样性水平显著相关（P<0.05）。中度干扰在一定程度上能够促进碧峰峡栲树群落物种多样性并改善土壤性质，土壤有机碳、钾含量和含水量对物种多样性有显著影响。

关键词:人为干扰;栲树;物种多样性;土壤

Abstract:

In order to understand the effect of human disturbance on Castanopsis fargesii secondary forest community in Bifengxia, the species diversity and soil physiochemical properties of C. fargesii community under human disturbances at different degree were studied by using typical plots methods. The results showed that there were 148 vascular species in community, belonging to 60 families and 106 genera. With intensifying disturbance, the diversity indices in tree and herb layer increased at first and then declined, and the species diversity in shrub layer was the highest. The dominant species in tree layer were C. fargesii and Cunninghamia lanceolata, and the shrub layer is rich in species with many dominant species, and the dominant species number in herb layer was in the order of middle disturbance > slight disturbance > severe disturbance. There were significant correlation among the contents of soil organic carbon, soil potassium and soil moisture and the level of species diversity (P<0.05). Therefore, it was suggested that the species diversity and soil quality of C. fargesii community in Bifengxia could be promoted under middle disturbance and the contents of soil organic carbon, soil potassium and soil moisture had related significantly with species diversity.

Key words:Human disturbance;Castanopsis fargesii;Species diversity;Physiochemical property;Soil