安徽羽叶报春核心和边缘居群的形态变异比较研究

Comparative Studies on Morphological Variation of Core and Peripheral Populations of Primula merrilliana

摘要:

为了解濒危二型花柱植物安徽羽叶报春（Primula merrilliana）居群的形态变异，对其4个核心居群和3个边缘居群的14个形态性状进行了比较研究。结果表明，核心居群形态性状的变异系数为0.09~0.50，边缘居群为0.05~0.56，变异幅度两者间差异不明显；核心居群有8个性状的均值显著高于边缘居群（P < 0.05），仅有3个性状（花冠直径、花瓣宽和叶宽）为边缘居群高于核心居群。核心居群两型花间的互惠指数较高也较稳定（0.83~0.90），花型间互惠程度较高，而边缘居群的互惠指数差异较大（0.60~0.93），不同居群的互惠程度变化较大。因此，两型花柱植物安徽羽叶报春的形态性状变异基本支持“中心丰富模型”假说，并对其保护策略进行了探讨。

Abstract:

In order to understand the morphological variation of endangered distylous species Primula merrilliana populations, 14 morphological characters of 4 core and 3 peripheral populations were studied. The results showed that coefficient of variation (CV) of morphological characters ranged from 0.09 to 0.50 in core populations and from 0.05 to 0.56 in peripheral populations, showing no significant difference. In 14 morphological characters, the average of 8 traits in core populations was significantly higher than that of peripheral populations (P < 0.05), while only that of 3 traits, such as corolla diameter, corolla lobe width and leave width, in peripheral populations was higher than that in core populations. The reciprocity index of distylous flowers in core populations were relatively high and stable (0.83-0.90), meaning that the two types flower in core populations reciprocally matched well, while the reciprocity index varied greatly in peripheral populations (0.60-0.93). Therefore, the morphological variation of core and peripheral populations of distylous species P. merrilliana basically supported the “rich center model” hypothesis, the P. merrilliana protection strategy was also discussed.