线纹香茶菜叶上腺毛发育的细胞学研究

Studies on Cytology of Glandular Trichomes on Leaves of Isodon lophanthoides var. lophanthoides

摘要:

为进行中药溪黄草基原植物的品种鉴定，采用光镜和电镜对线纹香茶菜（原变种）[Isodon lophanthoides var. lophanthoides]叶上腺毛的发育进行细胞学研究。结果表明，线纹香茶菜具有头状腺毛和盾状腺毛2种类型。头状腺毛无色透明，由1个基细胞、1个柄细胞和1或2个头部分泌细胞构成；盾状腺毛为红色，由1或2个基细胞、1个柄细胞和4~8个分泌细胞构成头部。2种腺毛均由原表皮细胞经两次平周分裂形成，后因柄细胞和头部细胞所处的分化状态不同而形成两类腺毛。2种腺毛超微结构表明，质体、高尔基体和粗面内质网为主要分泌物产生和运输的细胞器。当盾状腺毛成熟时，角质层下间隙充满了分泌物，其分泌物的性质很可能决定了线纹香茶菜腺毛的颜色。

Abstract:

In order to identify the original plants of traditional Chinese medicine Xihuangcao, the development of glandular trichomes on the leaves of Isodon lophanthoides var. lophanthoides was observed under light and electron microscopes. The results showed that there were two types of glandular trichomes, capitate and peltate glandular trichomes. The capitate glandular trichome was colorless and transparent, composed of one basal cell, one stalk cell and a head with one or two secretory cells, while the peltate glandular trhichome was red, composed of one or two basal cells, one stalk cell and a head with 4-8 secretory cells. The glandular trichomes were formed by second successive periclinal divisions of the initial cell, and because of the different meristematic state of stalk cell and apical cells, they developed into two types, capitate and peltate. The ultrastructural structure of glandular trichomes showed that plastid, golgi and the endoplasmic reticulum (RER) were the main secretory and transport organelles. When the peltate glandular trichomes matured, the subcuticular spaces were full of secretions. The characters of secretions might determine glandular trichomes color of I. lophanthoides var. lophanthoides.