香港离岛植物传播与植被演替

Studies on the Seed Dispersal and Secondary Succession of Offshore Islands, Hong Kong

摘要:

根据对香港121个离岛的生物多样性调查，对岛屿上1035种野生植物的果实类型和种子传播方式进行了统计和分析。离岛上的植物果实可划分为14种类型，主要有蒴果、核果、浆果和瘦果4类，分别占总数的22.57%、13.29%、11.7%和11.07%。岛上植物种子传播类型主要有4种，即动物传播、风力传播、人类传播和水流传播，其中动物传播779种（鸟类传播722种），风力传播399种，水流传播60种，人力传播的归化植物29种，有188种植物有2种及2种以上的自然传播方式。此外，鸟类和其它动物的传播作用对岛上植被的次生形成具有重要的作用。

Abstract:

Based on the biodiversity investigation of 121 offshore islands of Hong Kong, the fruit types and seed dispersal patterns of 1035 species were analyzed. The results showed that fruit types could be divided into 14 types, among which the top 4 types were capsule, drupe, berry and achene, accounting for 22.57%, 13.29%, 11.7% and 11.07% of the total, respectively. There were 4 main dispersal patterns of seeds, such as animal dispersal (779 species, including 722 species by birds), wind dispersal (399 species), human dispersal (29 naturalized species) and flow dispersal (60 species). Meanwhile, there were 188 species with more than 2 natural dispersal patterns (excluding human dispersal). In addition, the dispersal by birds and other animals plays an important role on the secondary vegetation formation of these offshore islands.