毛竹细根分布特征研究

Fine Root Biomass Distribution of Moso Bamboo at Different Ages

摘要:

为了解毛竹（Phyllostachys edulis）细根的分布规律，对不同水平距离和土层深度0~1 mm和1~2 mm细根的生物量、比根长、组织密度和根长密度进行了分析。结果表明，随着毛竹年龄的增加，细根生物量和根长密度先上升后降低，根组织密度先降低后升高，比根长呈降低的趋势。细根生物量和根长密度以距竹秆60 cm处最大，根组织密度以20 cm处最大，比根长在40 cm处最大，但他们在距竹秆不同距离间的差异不显著。细根生物量以10~20 cm土层最大，根组织密度以20~30 cm土层最大，细根生物量、比根长、组织密度和根长密度在不同土层间的差异不显著。与1~2 mm细根相比，0~1 mm细根生物量和根组织密度更小，比根长和根长密度更大。因此，毛竹年龄对细根生长具有显著的影响，1年生毛竹有最大的比根长和较大的根组织密度，具有更强的资源利用率。毛竹细根在一定的土层范围内呈均匀分布状态，可更有效地利用特定区域的水肥资源。

Abstract:

The aim was to elucidate fine root biomass distribution differences of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) at different ages. The fine root biomass (W_FRB), specific root length (L_SRL), root tissue density (D_RTD), and root length density (D_RLD) were analyzed in the horizontal and vertical direction of different age moso bamboo. The results showed that along the age of moso bamboo, the W_FRB and D_RLD increased at first and then decreased, the L_SRL decreased, and the D_RTD decreased at first and then increased. The W_FRB and D_RLD were the biggest at 60 cm from main stem, the D_RTD and the L_SRL were at 20 cm and 40 cm, respectively. The differences of W_FRB, L_SRL, D_RTD and D_RLD were not significant among different horizontal distances from bamboo stem. The W_FRB was the biggest at 10-20 cm soil layer, and the D_RTD was at 20-30 cm soil layer. The differences of W_FRB, L_SRL, D_RTD and D_RLD were not significant among different soil depthes, too. The W_FRB and D_RTD of 0-1 mm fine roots were smaller than those of 1-2 mm fine roots, while the L_SRL and D_RLD were bigger. Therefore, the age of moso bamboo had significant effects on the growth of fine roots. The L_SRL and D_RTD of 1-year-old bamboo were bigger, which display greater resource utilization efficiency. The even distribution of fine roots of moso bamboo could more efficient use water and fertilizer resources in a particular area.