油橄榄品种间叶片性状及总黄酮含量分析

Analysis of Leaf Characteristics and Content of Total Flavonoids among Varieties of Olea europaea L.

摘要:

为了解油橄榄（Olea europaea L.）叶片性状和总黄酮含量在品种间的差异，对四川省青川县栽培的10个油橄榄品种的叶片性状和总黄酮含量进行测量。结果表明，叶片性状在品种间的差异均达到显著水平，且性状间存在显著或极显著相关性。‘钟山24号’的叶面积最大，‘皮削利’的最小。叶片性状中以周长的变异系数最大，叶面积的最小。‘鄂植8号’的叶面积、‘莱星’的叶宽、‘小苹果’叶长宽比、‘埃蒙’的叶形的变异系数最大，而‘皮削利’的叶片性状相对稳定。6个叶片性状可以简化成形状系数和叶长作为主要代表性状。叶片总黄酮含量为0.07~3.39 mg g^-1，品种间存在显著差异，春梢含量总体高于秋梢；‘皮削利’、‘豆果’‘、‘钟山24号’和‘卡林’‘的春秋梢叶片含量差异较大，‘佛奥’‘的最小；‘鄂植8号’和‘科拉蒂’‘春秋梢叶片的总黄酮含量较高，‘皮削利’的秋梢好于春梢；‘卡林’的春梢叶片的总黄酮含量最少，为3.02 mg g^-1，秋梢中‘豆果’的最低，为2.64 mg g^-1；‘科拉蒂’、‘钟山24号’、‘埃蒙’和‘鄂植8号’的总黄酮含量与叶片性状存在显著或极显著的正相关或负相关。这说明总黄酮含量在一定程度上受到叶片生长的影响。

Abstract:

In order to understand the differences in leaf characteristics and total flavonoids content among Olea europaea varieties,the leaf characteristics and content of total flavonoids in ten varieties grown in Qingchuan County,Sichuan were determined.The results showed that there were significant differences in leaf characteristics among varieties,and there were significant correlations among leaf characteristics.The leaf area of ‘Zhongshan 24’ was the largest among varieties,and the smallest in ‘Picholine’.The variation coefficient of leaf perimeter was the highest among leaf characteristics,and the lowest in leaf area.The variation coefficient were the largest in leaf area for ‘E'zhi 8’,leaf width for ‘Leccion’,leaf ratio of length to width for ‘Manzalia’,and leaf shape coefficient for ‘Empetry’.The variation coefficient in leaf characteristics of ‘Picholine’ was lower than other varieties.The six leaf characteristics in Olea europaea could be simplified into two representative traits,such as shape coefficient and leaf length.There was significant difference in content of total flavonoids among varieties.The content of total flavonoids in autumn shoots was higher than that in spring shoots,ranged from 0.07 to 3.39 mg g^-1.The content of total flavonoids in ‘Picholine’,‘Arebiqunia’,‘Zhongshan 24’ and ‘Kalinjot’ had significant difference between spring shoots and autumn shoots,while it had litter difference in ‘Frantoio’.The content of total flavonoids in spring shoots and autumn shoots of ‘E’zhi 8’ and ‘Coratina’ were higher than other varieties,and that in autumn shoots of ‘Picholine’ was higher than that in spring shoots.The content of total flavonoids was the lowest in spring shoots of ‘Kalinjot’ with 3.02 mg g^-1 and in autumn shoots of ‘Arbequina’ with 2.64 mg g^-1.There were significant or very significant of positive or negative correlations between total flavonoids and leaf characteristics in ‘Coratina’,‘Zhongshan 24’,‘Empetry’ and ‘E;Zhi 8’.So,it was suggested that the content of total flavonoids was influenced by growth of leaf.