铁皮石斛醇溶性浸出物和六类物质的动态变化研究

Dynamic Changes in Alcohol Soluble Components and Six Kinds of Substances from Dendrobium officinale

摘要:

为了解不同生长期铁皮石斛（Dendrobium officinale）化学成分的变化，对茎、叶醇溶性浸出物、多酚、黄酮、三萜类、有机酸、氨基酸、糖含量进行了测定。结果表明，从2015年9月至2016年9月，茎的醇溶性浸出物总量及六类物质含量呈现先下降后上升的变化趋势，在春末夏初时达到最低，而叶片中各成分的变化未体现一致性规律。六类物质中以小分子的糖含量最高，其次是三萜类和有机酸。茎的醇溶性浸出物总量与多糖含量呈显著负相关；而叶的相关性不显著。这些为评估铁皮石斛质量和确定采收期提供科学依据。

Abstract:

In order to understand the changes in chemical constituents of Dendrobium officinale at different growth stage,the contents of alcohol soluble components,polyphenols,flavonoids,terpenoids,organic acids,amino acids,sugars were measured.The results showed that the change trends the 6 kinds of substance contents were consistent with the total amount of alcohol soluble extract in stems.From September 2015 to September 2016,their contents decreased at first,and then increased.However,the dynamic changes in contents of 6 kinds of substances in leaves did not show consistency.Among 6 kinds of substances,the content of saccharide with low molecular weight was the highest,followed by contents of triterpenes and organic acids.And there were significant negative correlation between the total amount of alcohol soluble extract and the content of polysaccharides in the stems,but not in the leaves.These would provide scientific basis for evaluating quality and ensuring harvest time of D.officinale.