从南方红豆杉中筛选和鉴定25株产紫杉烷的内生真菌

Screening and Identification Twenty-five Strains of Taxane-producing Endophytic Fungi from Taxus chinensis var. mairei

摘要:

为从南方红豆杉（Taxus chinensis var. mairei）中分离产紫杉烷的内生真菌， 从其幼茎、树皮和叶片中分离纯化了491株内生真菌，经筛选获得25株内生真菌具有产紫杉烷的能力，其中，4株可产紫杉醇、巴卡亭Ⅲ和10-去乙酰巴卡亭Ⅲ，8株能产紫杉醇和巴卡亭Ⅲ，1株能产紫杉醇和10-去乙酰巴卡亭Ⅲ，1株能产巴卡亭Ⅲ和10-去乙酰巴卡亭Ⅲ，6株仅产紫杉醇，5株仅产巴卡亭Ⅲ。根据内生真菌的来源，幼茎中有11株产紫杉烷的内生真菌，叶片中有9株，而树皮中仅有5株。这些菌株的紫杉醇、巴卡亭和10-去乙酰巴卡亭Ⅲ产量分别为0.64~9.87、0.48~3.42和0.20~1.00 μg L^-1。因此，南方红豆杉中具有紫杉烷类代谢途径的内生真菌来源广，数量多，是研究真菌中紫杉烷类化合物代谢途径的良好材料，也为紫杉烷类抗癌药生产提供了潜在的真菌种源。

Abstract:

In order to isolate and screen the taxane-producing endophytic fungi, there were 491 strains of endophytic fungi had been isolated and purified from young stems, barks and leaves of Taxus chinensis var. mairei. Twenty-five strains of endophytic fungi could produce taxane, in which four strains produce taxol, baccatin Ⅲ and 10-deacetyl baccatin, eight strains produce taxol and baccatin Ⅲ, one strain taxol and 10-deacetyl baccatin, one strain produce baccatin Ⅲ and 10-deacetyl baccatin, and six strains only produce taxol, and five strains only produce baccatin Ⅲ. Taxane-producing endophytic fungi derived from young stems, leaves and barks were eleven strains, nine strains and six strains, respectively. The yields of taxol, baccatin Ⅲ and 10-deacetyl baccatin Ⅲ were ranged from 0.64 to 9.87 μg L^-1, 0.48 to 3.42 μg L^-1, and 0.20 to 1.00 μg L^-1, respectively. Therefore, the taxane-producing endophytic fungi had wide distribution and more strains in T. chinensis var. mairei, and it could be good materials for studying metabolic pathways of taxane diterpenoids, and also could provide more potential fungal resources for taxane anticancer drugs.