Abstract:In order to compare the anatomical structures of stem and leaf among Litchi, Dimocarpus and genus hybrids, the structures of stem and leaf were observed by free hand section, tissue segregation procedure and paraffin. The results showed that pith rate and bark rate of ‘Hybrid A’ and ‘Hybrid B’ were between male parent and female parent, whereas xylem rate, the ratio of total vessel area to xylem area and vessel element internal diameter showed obvious better-parents advantage. Bark rate and ray breadth of ‘Hybrid C’ and ‘Hybrid D’ were less than those of parents. Frequencies of vessel element without tail and with horizontal both ends were between male parent and female parent in ‘Hybrid A’ and ‘Hybrid B’. The Morphological characteristics of vessel element also were more close to female parent ‘Shixia’ in ‘Hybrid C’ and ‘Hybrid D’. Vessel element length of ‘Hybrid D’ was significantly greater than that of its parents. Leaf midvein thickness of four hybrids was between male parent and female parent. Vein protuberant degree of ‘hybrid D’ and the ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue of ‘Ziniangxi’ were significantly greater than those of others. Size of leaf epidermal cell and shape of anticlinal wall in four hybrids were between male parent and female parent. Significant differences in leaf epidermal characteristics between Litchi and Dimocarpus might use as identification of the two genera. The anatomical structure of the four genus hybrids showed a more obvious partial genetic effect.