首页 > 过刊浏览>2016年第24卷第4期 >429-436. DOI:10.11926/j.issn.1005-3395.2016.04.010
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(木奈)李的孢粉学初步研究
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作者单位:

福建省农业科学院果树研究所,福建省农业科学院中心实验室,福建省宁德市古田县农业局,福建省农产品质量安全检验与检测中心

基金项目:

国家科技支撑计划项目（2013BAD02B03-4-1）；农业部公益类行业科研专项（201003058-8）资助


Palynological Studies on the Nai Plum Germplasms
Author:
Affiliation:

Fruit research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agriculture Science,Central Laboratory Fujian Academy of Agriculture Science,Agricultural Department of Gu tian County ，Fujian,Fujian Inspection and Testing Centre for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety

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    摘要:

    为了解(木奈)李的起源，应用扫描电镜对7份(木奈)李（Prunus salicina L.var.cordata Y.He）、2份中国李（P.salicina Lindl.var.salicina）、1份樱桃李（P.cerasifera Ehrhart.）及3份杂种李的花粉形态进行观察和聚类分析，开展(木奈)李的孢粉学研究。结果表明，这13份李属植物的花粉具条纹-穴状或脑纹-穴状纹饰，花粉形状均为长球形或超长球形，极面观为三裂圆形，具3条萌发沟，萌发沟以等间距环状分布，属N3P4C5类型。(木奈)李的P/E（1.82~2.02）、花粉大小（823.70~970.42 μm2）介于供试的其他6份李属植物之间，但其穿孔密度（0.520~1.141 μm-2）除早圆油(木奈)和早熟油(木奈)外均远大于其他6份李材料；(木奈)李花粉外壁具条脊，表面均形成大小、疏密不等的穿孔，且在条脊隆起、脊沟深窄等方面表现出了丰富的多样性，其中油(木奈)早熟品系和晚熟品系的花粉纹饰、穿孔密度等还表现出了2种特征，因此，(木奈)李的孢粉学特征可作为分类鉴定的一个重要依据。在遗传距离6.19水平上，13份李属植物可以分为3个类群，每个类群中均有(木奈)李分布，(木奈)李与李属间具有较近的亲缘关系。综合(木奈)李花粉形态特征和聚类分析结果，推测(木奈)李具起源于李属杂交后代的可能。

    Abstract:

    The aim was to discuss the origin and systematic evolution of Nai plum (Prunus salicina L. var. cordata Y. He). The pollen morphology of 7 cultivars of Nai plum, 2 cultivars of Chinese plum (P. salicina Lindl. var. salicina) and 1 cultivar of Cherry plum (P. cerasifera Ehrhart.) and 3 cultivars of hybrid plum were observed under scanning electron microscopy (SME). The results showed that 13 copies of material of pollen were with striate-foveolate or cerebroid-foveolate decorations, and the shape of pollen grains was prolate or perprolate which were with three split round in polar view. There were three germination trenches equally spacing with a circular distribution of a N3P4C5 type. The P/E value of Nai plum pollen ranged from 1.82 to 2.02 with size from 823.70 to 970.42 μm2, which are among the other 6 cultivars of Prunus. But the perforation densities (0.520-1.141 μm-2) of Nai plum, except of Zaoyuan younai and Zaoshou younai, are bigger than that of other 6 cultivars. The extine wall of pollen had vallate, and the surface distributed perforation with different size and density. There were rich diversity in uplift and ditch deep of vallate, which early-maturing strain and late-maturing strain of younai plum showed two characteristics in pollen morphology, density of perforation, etc. Thus, the pollen morphology of Nai Plum could serve as an important basis for classification and identification. Cluster analysis showed that thirteen plum germplasms could be divided into 3 groups at genetic distance of 6.19, and each group had Nai plum germplasm. It was suggested that there was close genetic relationship between Nai plum and Prunus. So, there was a possibility that Nai plum originated from hybrid plum through pollen morphology and cluster analysis of palynology.

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廖汝玉,任丽花,曾志芳,尹兰香.(木奈)李的孢粉学初步研究[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2016,24(4):429~436

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  • 收稿日期:2015-10-20
  • 最后修改日期:2015-12-15
  • 录用日期:2016-05-17
  • 在线发布日期: 2016-07-15
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