Abstract:In order to understand the key environment factors on flowering of Camellia oleifera, the physical and biochemical indexes in flowering process of C. oleifera ‘Changlin 4’ were studied. The results showed that under different environments, the contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar and growth regulators, including auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin and abscisic acid, in old leaves, new leaves and stems had significant differences in flower bud differentiation period (May 19), but had no direct relations with flowering. The buds were full and growth was fast, and flowering time was early too under N treatment. The light and growth regulators, except of GA, cannot promote C. oleifera blossoming. The flowering rate was the highest under nutrient treatments, and then was under water and heat treatments, but under hot and K treatments, the end stage of flowering significantly delayed. Therefore, the suitable conditions, such as heat, nutrient and water, are in favour of blossom in C. oleifera, but auxin and cytokinin inhibit its blossom.