濒危植物南方红豆杉不同种群的结构和动态变化

Structure and Dynamic Changes of Different Populations of Rare Plant Taxus chinensis var. mairei

摘要:

为了解南方红豆杉（Taxus chinensis var. mairei）不同种群的结构变化，于2007 年、2008 年、2012 年分别对皖南仙寓山双坑村、浙江天目山桐坑村及福建梅花山的南方红豆杉天然种群进行了研究。结果表明，仙寓山的1214 株南方红豆杉中，幼苗占80%；天目山有510 株，幼苗占39.61%，其次是9 m 以上的古树，占22.16%；梅花山有174 株，幼苗占70.11%，古树占20.11%。3 个种群的天然更新都呈缓慢增长状态，存活曲线为Deevey-Ⅲ型，空间分布均为聚集分布，但从幼苗到幼树的生长阶段死亡率高。因此，对濒危植物南方红豆杉的保护重点应放在幼苗和幼树阶段。

Abstract:

In order to understand the structure changes of different Chinese yew (Taxus chinensis var. mairei) populations, the regeneration populations of Chinese yew, distributing in Shuangkeng Village in Xianyu Mountain of Anhui Province, Tongkeng Village in Tianmu Mountain of Zhejiang Province and Ecological Garden of Yew, Fujian Meihua Mountain National Nature Reserve, respectively, were studied from October to December in 2007, 2008 and 2012. The results showed that there were 1214 individuals Chinese yew in Xianyu Mountain in 2007, the number of seedlings accounting for 80%. Chinese yew distributed in Tianmu Mountain and Meihua Mountain had 510 and 174 individuals, the number of seedlings accounting for 39.61% and 70.11%, the number of tree height more than 9 m for 22.16% and 20.11%, respectively. All of the three natural regeneration populations showed slowly increasing and the survival curves were Deevey-Ⅲ type with clumped spatial pattern, and the mortality at growth stage from seedlings to saplings was high. It was suggested that the protect priority to rare and endangered T. chinensis var. mairei should be placed in stages from seedlings and saplings.