粉美人蕉花部维管束的解剖学研究

Floral Vasculature Anatomy of Canna glauca ‘Erebus’ (Cannaceae)

摘要:

为探讨粉美人蕉（Canna glauca ‘Erebus’）缺失雄蕊的去向和唇瓣的属性，对粉美人蕉花部维管束系统进行了解剖学观察分析。结果表明，粉美人蕉花梗横切面呈椭圆形，中心区的维管束聚集成6 束大的维管束，形成心皮背束和隔膜束。在子房区顶部，3 个隔膜束各分成3 束，外方分支分别进入相应的花瓣，成为花瓣的中束。近轴面隔膜束内方的2 束分支进入功能雄蕊。远轴面右侧的隔膜束内方2 分支进入唇瓣，发育为唇瓣的部分维管束。远轴面左侧隔膜束内方分支进入内轮退化雄蕊。在花瓣形成时，近轴面左侧心皮背束分成2 束，外侧分支进入近轴面外轮退化雄蕊，内侧分支进入功能雄蕊。近轴面右侧心皮背束外方分支进入侧生退化雄蕊。远轴面心皮背束分为2 束，1 束进入远轴面外轮退化雄蕊并迅速消失，另1 束进入唇瓣，继续发育。从维管束来源角度证明了粉美人蕉退化雄蕊的同源异形现象。

Abstract:

In order to understand the fate of lost stamen and the property of labellum of Canna glauca ‘Erebus', the flower vasculature system of C. glauca ‘Erebus' was anatomically observed. The results showed that the transverse section of ‘Erebus' pedicle was oval. The bundles of the inner ring converge into 6 large bundles, which become 3 carpellary dorsal bundles (CDs) and 3 parietal bundles (PBs), respectively. At top of ovary region, three parietal bundles divide into three bundles, respectively. The outer branches of each PBs enter the corresponding petal becoming midrib. The two inner branches of adaxial PB move into function stamen. The two inner branches of the right side of abaxial PBs enter the labellum, and that of the other abaxial PBs enter the inner-whorl staminode. The left side of adaxial CD divide into 2 branches. The outer branch enters the adaxial outer-whorl staminode, and the inner branch enters function stamen. The outer branch of left side of adaxial CD enters lateral staminode. The abaxial CD divides into two branches, which one branch enters abaxial outer-whorl staminode and disappears rapidly, and the other moves into function stamen. Therefore, it is proved that the homeosis phenomenon exist in C. glauca ‘Erebus' staminode from the origin and course of floral vasculature.