广藿香同源八倍体诱导与鉴定

Induction and Identification of Homologous Octoploid in Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth.

摘要:

为诱导广藿香[Pogostemon cablin （Blanco） Benth.]同源八倍体，采用组织培养方法，研究了秋水仙素对广藿香同源八倍体诱导的影响。结果表明，以0.05% 秋水仙素浸泡广藿香组培丛生芽72 h 的效果最佳，形态学鉴定处理苗的变异率达85%，且八倍体苗的染色体数目为2n=8x=128，八倍体苗的根茎粗壮，叶片大而厚，颜色深，叶形指数小，叶片下表皮的气孔个体大、密度小，保卫细胞中的叶绿体数目多，植株形态学性状优良。这为进一步获得高产、活性成分含量高的广藿香优良品系奠定基础。

Abstract:

In order to induce homologous octoploid of Pogostemon cablin, the effects of colchicine on induction rate were studied by using in vitro culture. Three kinds of explants, including adventitious buds, regenerated seedlings and calli, were used as material. The results showed that the induction rate of adventitious buds treated with 0.05% colchicine for 72 hours reached 85% accounting for total buds. The chromosome number of octoploid seedlings was 2n=8x=128, the roots and stems of octoploid P. cablin were thick and strong with large and dark leaves, small leaf index, and the stomata in lower epidermis were large and low density with much chloroplasts in guard cells, the mutant seedlings had good morphological traits. Therefore, the induction method would establish basis for breeding excellent strains of P. cablin with high yield and content of active ingredients.