4种薯蓣属植物的分子鉴别和亲缘关系研究

Molecular Identification and Relationship of Four Species in Genus Dioscorea

摘要:

为揭示薯蓣属植物的亲缘关系，根据叶绿体matK、rbcL、trnL-F 和psbA-trnH 序列片段，对小花盾叶薯蓣（Dioscoreasinopatviflora）、盾叶薯蓣（D. zingibiernsis）、黄独（D. bulbifera）和山药（D. polystachya）进行种间分子鉴别研究，并探讨这4 个片段在薯蓣属植物系统发育上的意义。结果表明，4 种薯蓣属植物共22 份材料的matK、rbcL、trnL-F 和psbA-trnH 序列片段的长度分别为1026 ~ 1142 bp、1156 ~ 1178 bp、744 ~ 822 bp 和355 ~ 599 bp。用PAUP 4.0b10 和贝叶斯推断构建的系统发育树分析表明，云南的黄独与盾叶薯蓣的亲缘关系较近；小花盾叶薯蓣与盾叶薯蓣的亲缘关系很近；而非洲的黄独与云南的黄独的亲缘关系很远。但仅用这4 个cpDNA 片段还不能完全区分小花盾叶薯蓣和盾叶薯蓣，这说明基于这4 个序列片段的系统发育证据与4 种薯蓣属植物属内的分类划分并不十分吻合。

Abstract:

In order to reveal the relationship of Dioscorea species, the interspecific molecular identification of 4 Dioscorea species, including D. sinopatviflora, D. zingibiernsis, D. bulbifera, and D. polystachya, were studied based on 4 cpDNA fragments, such as matK, rbcL, trnL-F and psbA-trnH, and these fragments on phylogenetic significance of Dioscorea genus was discussed. The results showed that the length of matK, rbcL, trnL-F and psbA-trnH fragments were 1026 - 1142 bp, 1156 - 1178 bp, 744 - 822 bp, 355 - 599 bp, respectively. According to the phylogenetic tree constructed by Bayesian Inference and PAUP 4.0b10 software, it was indicated that the genetic relationship of D. bulbifera in Yunnan was close to D. zingibiernsis, D. sinopatviflorawas close to D. zingibiernsis, while that of D. bulbifera in Africa was far to D. bulbifera in Yunnan. In addition, it couldn't be completely distinguished D. sinopatvifloraand D. zingibiernsis in the phylogenic tree by 4 combined fragments. So, it was suggested that the phylogeny evidence based on four fragments was not consistent with taxonomic classification of four species in Dioscorea.