非随机过程影响百山祖局域植物群落的物种组成

Non-random Processes Influence Species Composition of Local Plant Community in Baishanzu Nature Reserve

摘要:

为探讨从区域到局域的变化过程中的主导影响机制，通过整理百山祖自然保护区的历次植物调查资料，并详细调查5 hm² 的样地群落, 对保护区整个区域和样地群落物种组成的差异和功能性状的组成差异进行了比较。结果表明，在区域种库和局域群落之间的物种组成差异明显，在区域和局域物种数量排名前10 的科和属中只有5 科和5 属是共有的；相较于区域中的属，样地中温带分布的属明显增多，而热带分布的属较少。功能性状方面，与区域相比，样地中草本植物比例减少而木本植物比例增加；单叶植物比例增加，复叶植物比例下降；两性花比例下降，雌雄异株比例上升；肉质果比例上升，而干果比例下降。这些结果表明从区域到局域群落构建过程中生态位分化机制等非随机过程起着重要的作用。

Abstract:

The aim is to explore the main influence mechanism in change process from regional to local scale. Based on plant investigation data of Baishanzu Nature Reserve and field investigation of the 5 hm² plot in Baishanzu, the differences in species composition and functional traits at regional and local scales were compared. The results showed that there was significant difference between regional species pool and local community. Among top 10 families and genera of species number in Baishanzu Nature Reserve and plots, only 5 families and 5 genera were common. Compared to genera in whole Baishanzu Nature Reserve, temperate genera increase obviously in plots, and tropical genera were less. At aspect of functional traits, the ratios of herbal plants, compound leaf, bisexual flower or dry fruit in Bishanzu plots were lower than those in Baishanzu Natrure Reserve, while the ratios of woody plants, single leaf, unisexual flower and flesh fruit were higher in Baishanzu plots than those in Baishanzu Nature Reserve. These suggested that non-random processes, such as niche differentiation, play an important role in construction of local community.