星油藤种子萌发的生态学特性研究

Ecological Characteristics of Germination of Plukenetia volubilis Seeds

摘要:

对星油藤(Plukenetia volubilis L.)成熟种子特征及影响种子萌发的因素进行了研究。结果表明,星油藤种子的萌发对温度非常敏感,低温(15℃)下种子的萌发率极低;在25℃~35℃的适宜温度下,2周内种子全部萌发,25℃/15℃的变温没有显著提高种子的萌发率。光照不是星油藤种子萌发的必要条件,但能使种子在变温条件下萌发率降低。种子经极度脱水(1.55%)和液氮处理24 h后,在合适温度(30℃)下仍能全部萌发。常温环境(25℃~35℃,适宜水分)下星油藤种子就可以非常好地萌发,这也是原产地热带雨林林下幼苗更新良好的原因,因此,星油藤适宜采用种子育苗。

Abstract:

The characteristics of mature seeds and the effect factors of temperature, light and moisture content on seed germination of Plukenetia volubilis were studied. The results showed that the germination of P. volubilis seeds was extremely sensitive to temperature with very low germinate rate at 15℃, while all seeds could germinate within two weeks under 25℃-35℃. The temperature fluctuation (25℃/15℃) did not increase markedly seed germination rate. The illumination was not necessary condition to seed germination, but light decreased seed germination rate under temperature fluctuation (25℃/15℃). All of seeds could germinate at normal temperature (30℃) even with extremely low relative water content (1.55%) and treated with liquid nitrogen for 24 hours. P. volubilis seeds could germinate well with suitable moisture content at 25℃-35℃, it was reason that P. volubilis seedlings had good restoration under provenance of tropical rain forest. So P. volubilis was suitable for seed breeding.