齐云山自然保护区兰科植物资源分布及其区系特点

Distribution and Floristic Characteristics of Wild Orchids in Qiyunshan Nature Reserve

摘要:

根据调查，齐云山自然保护区有兰科(Orchidaceae)植物33属62种，以地生兰占优势，有22属45种；附生兰11属16种；腐生兰1属1种。从海拔分布来看，1000 m以上的高海拔区域主要分布的是中国特有种和温带分布种；400 m以下的低海拔区域则以热带分布种为主。单种属有21属，占保护区兰科植物总属数的63.6 %。保护区兰科植物属的地理成分可划分为11个分布型和2个变型，种以东亚分布占主体。保护区特有种丰富，中国特有种15种。与邻近地区相比，保护区兰科植物与井冈山自然保护区的相似性系数最高(44.0%)，与庐山自然保护区的最低(38.2%)。

Abstract:

On the basis of field investigation, there were 62 orchid species, belonging to 33 genera in Qiyunshan Nature Reserve, Jiangxi Province, in which terrestrial were dominant with 45 species to 22 genera, and 16 species to 11 genera for epiphytic and 1 species to 1 genera for saprophytic. The endemic to China and temperate species were mainly distributed in the high altitude above 1000 m; the tropical species were mainly distributed in the low altitude below 400 m. There were 21 monotypic genera, accounting for 63.6% of total genera in the Reserve. The orchid genera in Qiyunshan Nature Reserve could be divided into 11 areal-types and 2 areal-subtypes. The East Asia distribution in species level was dominant. There are 15 species endemic to China in the Reserve. Compared with neighboring regions, Qiyunshan Nature Reserve and Jinggangshan Nature Reserve had the highest similarity coefficient with 44.0%, while it had the lowest similarity coefficient (38.2%) with Lushan.