温州裂叶月见草入侵群落和土壤种子库种类组成的季节动态

Seasonal Dynamics of Species Composition of Community and Soil Seed Bank Invaded by Oenothera laciniata Hill in Wenzhou, Zhejiang

摘要:

通过野外调查和萌发实验, 研究了浙江温州地区裂叶月见草(Oenothera laciniata)入侵群落和土壤种子库种类组成的季节动态, 结果表明：裂叶月见草土壤种子库中共有种子植物46种, 种子库各层储量与物种数量不同, 呈现为上层(0～2 cm)>中层(2～5 cm)>下层(5～10 cm), 层间差异较明显；裂叶月见草入侵群落地上植被与土壤种子库群落组成相似性系数为0.632, 表明该群落裂叶月见草入侵时间不长, 处在演替的初期阶段；裂叶月见草种子具有休眠特性, 并在萌发的过程中阶段性破除休眠；裂叶月见草的重要值与群落的物种多样性存在着正相关性, 但未达显著水平(P>0.05)；在每年的11月至次年4月裂叶月见草营养生长期铲除是控制裂叶月见草传播和扩散的有利时机。

Abstract:

To accumulate the information for research on diffusion mechanism and ecological effect of Oenothera laciniata Hill, the community invaded by O. laciniata in Wenzhou, Zhengjiang Province and the seasonal dynamics of specie composition in soil seed bank were studied based on field investigation and germination experiment. The results showed that there were 46 species in the soil seed bank, and the species richness and their abundance among the soil layer showed remarkable difference, in the order as 0~2 cm>2~5 cm>5~10 cm. The Sorensen’s similarity coefficient for species composition aboveground and in the seed bank was 0.632, showing that the invaded community was at the initial stages of succession. The seed of O. laciniata had a characteristic of dormancy, and seed could periodically break dormancy at the process of bud. The importance value of O. laciniata in the community had positive correlation with the species diversity of community, but not significantly (P>0.05). It is proper time to control the spread of O. laciniata by eradicating it at its vegetative growth phase from November to next April .