温敏雄性不育水稻培矮64S花药发育过程中钙的变化

Calcium Precipitate in the Anthers of Thermo-sensitive Genic Male-sterile Rice Peiai 64S

摘要:

采用焦锑酸钾沉淀法研究了温敏雄性不育水稻(Oryza sativa L.)培矮64S在高温引起雄性不育与正常可育花药发育过种中Ca2+的分布变化。结果表明，当培矮64S生长在较高温度条件下引起雄性不育，与可育花药相比，不育花粉母细胞中有较多的液泡、较多的Ca2+沉积和较少的线粒体，并且有较多的Ca2+沉积在不育花药的中间层、表皮层和绒毡层中。到四分体与单细胞花粉时期，不育花药的木质部细胞的次生加厚壁上有较多的Ca2+沉淀，连接组织中的Ca2+沉淀也大大增加，所有不育花粉外壁较厚而发育都不正常。在单核细胞早期，不育花粉的四分体细胞中有较明显的大液泡出现。不育花药中的Ca2+在花药发育的各时期均比可育花药要多。这些结果说明在高温生长条件下，花粉母细胞发育的异常、花药中Ca2+沉积的增加、绒毡层与花粉外壁发育的异常可能与培矮64S花粉败育相关。

Abstract:

Peiai 64S (Oryza sativa L. subsp. indica), is a thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile (TGMR) rice. High temperature causes sterile pollens at the microsporogenesis stage. The anther morphology and the calcium precipitate were investigated in the fertile and sterile anthers of Peiai 64S under low or high temperature. There were more small vacuoles, more calcium precipitates and less mitochondria in the sterile pollen mother cells than those in the fertile pollen mother cells. More calcium precipitates were located in the epidermis, endothecium and tapetum of the sterile anther than in those of the fertile anther. Longitudinal inner cell wall of the sterile anther became thicker than that of the fertile anther at the dyad stage and uninucleate pollen stage. Some large vacuoles appeared in the tapetal cells of the sterile anthers at the early uninucleate pollen stage. All of the sterile pollens possessed malfunctioned exine. The results proposed that the abnormalities of pollen mother cell, the tapetum and the pollen exine, and more calcium precipitates in TGMR rice Peiai 64S under high temperature were related with the pollen abortion.