百合科山韭小孢子发生及雄配子体发育

Microsporogenesis and Development of Male Gametophyte in Allium senescens L. (Liliaceae)

摘要:

利用石蜡切片对葱属植物山韭(Allium senescens L.)的小孢子发生及雄配子体形成进行了研究。结果表明：山韭花药具4个药室，花药壁由表皮、药室内壁、中层和绒毡层4层细胞组成，属分泌型绒毡层。小孢子母细胞减数分裂的胞质分裂为连续型。成熟花粉为二胞型，偶见三胞型。在小孢子母细胞减数分裂和单核小孢子中出现许多异常行为，如染色体拖曳，落后染色体和后期桥，以及产生微核等，这可能是导致花粉败育的原因之一。

Abstract:

The microsporogenesis and development of male gametophyte of Allium senescens L. were studied using method of paraffin section. The anther was found to be 4-sporangiate. The anther wall includes 4 layers: epiderm, endothecium, middle layer and secretory tapetum. Successive cytokinesis in the microspore mother cells (MMCs) follows meiosis. Most mature pollen grains are 2-celled type, rarely 3-celled type. In addition, there are some abnormal phenomena at meiosis of MMCs and uninucleate microspores, including laggard chromosome, chromosome fragments, bridges, double-bridges, micronuclei and so on. These abnormal phenomena is one reason which resulted in abortive pollen.