福建山樱花天然居群表型变异研究

Phenotypic Variation in Natural Populations of Cerasus campanulata Maxim.

摘要:

以闽、赣、粤三省天然分布的福建山樱花(Cerasus campanulata Maxim.)为研究对象，调查了11个居群226个单株的l7个表型性状指标，运用变异系数和单因子方差分析研究了居群间和居群内的表型变异；应用相关分析揭示了表型性状间及其与地理、气候因子间的相关性以及表型变异的地理格局；并且运用聚类分析进行了居群分类。结果表明，福建山樱花天然居群内的变异远大于居群间的变异，居群分化较小；花色、花量与经度、纬度间显著或极显著相关，花瓣宽与纬度、海拔显著或极显著相关，花色、花量与年降雨量极显著相关，花量、花瓣宽、开花习性与年日照时数显著相关，花瓣宽与年均温、无霜期显著或极显著相关，存在较明显的地理变异趋势。而居群间马氏距离聚类分析结果与参试居群分布地域性呈现高度一致，二者之间相关显著。

Abstract:

Seventeen phenotypic traits were investigated in 226 individuals of 11 natural populations of Cerasus campanulata from Fujian，Jiangxi and Guangdong, China, using coefficients of variation，F-test of One-way variance analysis，correlation analysis and clustering analysis．The variation was much greater within populations than among populations, which suggested that little differentiation occurred among populations．Among 17 phenotypic traits, flower color, the number of flowers per plant were significantly correlated to both longitude and latitude，petal width to both longitude and altitude，flower color，the number of flowers per plant to annual rainfall，the number of flowers per plant，petal width，flowering habit to hours of sunshine，and petal width to both annual mean temperature and the frost-free period．There was significant relationship between geographic distances and Mahalanobis distances calculated from all phenotypic traits．