烤烟胞质雄性不育杂种经济性状的杂种优势表现

Heterosis for Economic Traits in Flue-cured Tobacco Ms-hybrids

摘要:

以自育的3个烤烟(Nicotiana tabacum L.)胞质雄性不育系和4个国内推广烤烟品种为材料，配成12个杂种，研究烤烟6个经济性状(产量、产值、均价、上等烟比例、上中等烟比例和级指)的杂种优势表现。结果表明：（1）经济性状的离中优势相当普遍，100％组合的产值和产量存在显著的正向离中优势，其它经济性状有12.50％-83.33％组合的离中优势达显著或极显著水平；（2）有较多组合的产量和上等烟比例存在超高亲优势，其中分别有75.00％和66.67％组合的超高亲优势达到显著或极显著水平，其它经济性状也有8.33％-50.00％组合的超高亲优势达到显著或极显著水平；（3）MsYZ203-6 × 红花大金元组合在6个经济性状上均表现极显著的超亲优势， MsYZ206-9 × 云烟87组合在除均价外的5个经济性状上表现极显著的超亲优势。

关键词:烤烟; 胞质不育杂种; 离中优势; 超高亲优势

Abstract:

Twelve hybrid crosses among 3 cytoplasmic male sterile lines and 4 varieties of flue-cured tobacco popular in China were used to determine the heterosis in the following economic characters: yield, production value, average price, high class tobacco ratio, high and middle class tobacco ratio and tobacco class index. Results were as follows: (1) Heterosis from mid-parent was found in most crosses, and the yield and production value in 100.00％ crosses were significantly different at 0.05 or 0.01 levels, so were the other economic characters in 12.50％-83.33％ crosses; (2) Heterosis over higher-parent for yield and high class tobacco ratio was found in most crosses, and the heterosis of yield was in 75.00％ and high class tobacco ratio in 66.67％ crosses were significant at 0.05 or 0.01 levels, respectively. The others economic characters were in 8.33％-50.00％ of crosses with significance at 0.05 or 0.01 levels respectively. (3) The cross of MsYZ203-6 × Honghuadajinyuan showed significant heterosis over higher-parent in all economic characters expressed above, and cross of MsYZ206-9 × Yunyan87 showed significant heterosis over higher-parent in all economic characters above except average price.

Key words:Flue-cured tobacco Ms-hybrid;Heterosis from mid-parent;Heterosis over higher-parent