苎麻雄性不育材料的生理生化特性初探

Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics in Ramie Male Sterile Lines

摘要:

在苎麻(Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud)雌雄性器官发育期取功能叶，现蕾后取幼蕾(直径小于0.4 mm)、中蕾(直径0.4-1.2 mm)、大蕾(直径大于2.0 mm)，比较分析苎麻雄性不育材料C26 、C4与可育材料B8、B16的可溶性糖含量、淀粉含量、游离脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量以及过氧化物酶(POD)活性的差异。结果表明，不育材料可溶性糖含量在各时期花蕾中都高于可育材料，以大蕾最为明显：C26比B8高0.58%，C4比B16高0.83%；淀粉和游离脯氨酸含量从中蕾期开始，不育材料明显低于可育材料，到大蕾期差异最大(淀粉含量B8/C26为1.81，B16/C4为1.46；游离脯氨酸含量B8是C26的7.35倍，B16为C4的3.94倍)；在相同花蕾期，可育材料的过POD活性略高于不育材料。可溶性蛋白质含量在可育材料和不育材料中无明显变化规律。这些物质的代谢可能是导致苎麻雄性不育的原因。

Abstract:

Contents of soluble sugar, starch，free prolines and crude proteins were determined in functional leaves and flower buds of different diameters (<0.4 mm, 0.4-1.2 mm and >1.2 mm) in ramie (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud) male sterile lines C26 and C4 and the restoration lines B8 and B16, as well as peroxidase (POD) activity．The soluble sugar content of flower buds of each size was higher in C26 and C4 than in their restoration lines, especially in flower buds ( diameter >1.2 mm ) (C26 and C4 were 0.58% and 0.83% higher than B8 and B16, respectively). In flower buds ( diameter in 0.4-1.2 mm ) and big bud, starch and free proline contents of C26 and C4 were 1.31-1.81 and 2.72-7.37 times higher than B8 and B16, respectively. In flower buds of all sizes, POD activity was slightly lower in C26 and C4 than in their restoration lines. Variations in soluble sugar content of lines C26 and C4 were not consistent with their restoration lines. Those features could be related to male sterility in ramie．