辣木组织培养与四倍体植株诱导

Tissue Culture and Tetraploid Induction of Drumstick

摘要:

建立了印度辣木（Moringa oleifera）和非洲辣木（Moringa stenopetala）离体再生体系，并利用秋水仙碱进行了四倍体的诱导。结果表明：离体培养时以茎段为外植体可快速获得无菌苗，愈伤组织诱导与不定芽分化时，印度辣木以MS+ BA 0.6 mg L^-1+ NAA 0.1 mg L^-1的固体培养基为最佳，非洲辣木以MS+ BA 0.5 mg L^-1+ NAA 0.2 mg L^-1的固体培养基为最佳，生根培养基均以MS+IBA 0.2 mg L^-1最适。用不同浓度秋水仙碱对染色体进行加倍诱变，以0.2%秋水仙碱处理5 d，加倍效果最好，印度辣木达到40.0%，非洲辣木为36.7%。获得了印度辣木和非洲辣木四倍体新种质，四倍体植株初步表现枝粗、叶片变大变厚且叶色更绿等特征。

Abstract:

An effective protocol for plant generation was developed for Moringa oleifera and M.stenopetala. The colchicine induced tetraploid of drumstick was investigated. Plentiful plantlets were rapidly obtained using stem explants. Shoots were obtained on MS supplemented with BA 0.6 mg L^-1 and NAA 0.1 mg L^-1 for M.oleifera and MS with BA 0.5 mg L^-1 and NAA 0.2 mg L^-1 for M. stenopetala. Best rooting was observed on MS supplemented with IBA 0.2 mg L^-1. After 5-day treatment with colchicine, 40.0% of M. oleifera regenerants and 36.7% of M. stenopetala regenerants were found chromosome doubling. The tetraploids were characterized by their thick shoots and large thick green leaves.