金银忍冬雌雄配子体发育的解剖学研究

Anatomical Studies of Male and Female Gametophytes in Development of Lonicera maackii （Rupr.） Maxim

摘要:

对金银忍冬（Lonicera moackii（Rupr.）Maxim）大、小孢子的发生和雌、雄配子体的发育过程进行了研究，结果表明：（1）4月上中旬，幼嫩的花粉囊壁由表皮、纤维层、中层和绒毡层共4层细胞组成，绒毡层类型为变形绒毡层。4月15日左右小孢子母细胞进行减数分裂形成四面体型四分体，四分体时期后，部分小孢子为空瘪状态。4月23—26日即将开花时形成三细胞型的成熟花粉。（2）子房三心皮，中轴胎座，胚珠倒生，单珠被，薄珠心。4月下旬开花前发育形成成熟胚囊，胚囊的发育为蓼型，合点端具有承珠盘。研究结果表明金银忍冬雌雄配子体的发育均属正常。

Abstract:

The mega- and microsporogenesis and the development of male and female gametophytes in Lonicera mnackii （Rupr.） Maxim were observed. Young anther walls were composed of four layers including epidermis, fibrous layer, middle layer and amoeboid tapetum in early and middle April. Tetrahedral tetrads of microspores were present on about April 15. After the stage of tetrad, some microspores aborted and cytoplasms were absent. Three-celled mature pollen grains developed from April 23 to April 26 shortly before flowering. The ovary was trilocular with axile placentation and the ovules were anatropous, unitegrninous, and tenuinucellate. The mature embryo sacs occurred before flowering in late April, which were of the Polygonum type. Hypostase was at the chalazal end of the ovule. These results suggest that mega- and microspores and male and female gametophytes of L. maackii have normal development.