影响非洲菊愈伤组织诱导和增殖的因素

The Induction and Proliferation of Calli in Gerbera jamesonii Bolus

摘要:

以非洲菊（Gerbera，amesonii Bolus）7个品种的叶片和带叶叶柄为外植体，接种到附加0.5、1.5和2．0mgL^-1 2,4-D的MS培养基上培养，各品种均能诱导出愈伤组织并增殖。愈伤组织的诱导和增殖状况均是叶片好于叶柄，但各品种之间存在显著差异。将品种F30和Ⅱ的叶片和带叶叶柄接种到含不同浓度单一细胞分裂素（6-BA、TDZ、KT）的MS培养基上培养，均未能诱导出愈伤组织，而在含2.0mgL^-1 6-BA＋0.5mgL^-1 NAA的培养基上可以诱导出愈伤组织，且由品种Ⅱ叶柄诱导产生的愈伤组织可再分化出芽，品种F30诱导的愈伤组织却不能分化，但在其叶柄基部可直接出芽。以上结果说明，生长素是非洲菊愈伤组织诱导和增殖所必须的，非洲菊愈伤组织诱导、增殖和芽再生方式受品种及外植体类型的影响。

Abstract:

Leaves and petioles of seven varieties of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus （Compositae） cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.5, 1.5 and 2.0 mg L^-1 2,4-D could produce and proliferate calli in all the varieties. The callus induction by leaf explants is better than by petioles, although there are differences among varieties. No callus could be induced from leaf or petiole explants of varieties F30 and Ⅱ cultured on MS medium if supplemented alone with 6-bezyladenine （6-BA） or thidiazuron （TDZ）, or kinetin （KT）. However, the calli were induced on MS medium containing 2.0 mg L^-1 6-BA and 0.5 mg L^-1 NAA （α-naphthaleneacetic acid）, and the calli derived from petioles of variety Ⅱ could produce redifferentiated shoots, but of variety F30 could not. The later could only produce shoots directly from the base of the petioles. It is obvious that callus induction and proliferation of gerbera need growth regulators, and are influenced by varieties and explants of different parts of the plants.