广西隆安屏山石灰岩山地飞机草群落特征分析

The Characteristics of Eupatorium odoratum Community in Limestone Mountain Area of Long＇an County in Guangxi

摘要:

对隆安屏山石灰岩山地有害的入侵杂草飞机草（Eupatorium odoratum）群落的区系组成、地理成分、生活型、结构及物种多样性进行统计分析，结果表明：该群落内常见的维管植物约有62种，隶属38科58属。植物地理分布以泛热带类型最多，有15属，占总属数的34.88％；其次是热带亚洲分布类型，有8属，占18.6％。按Raunkiaer生活型统计，高位芽植物占48.39％，一年生植物占17.74％，地面芽植物占12.90％，地上芽植物占11.29％。群落内植物叶的性质以草质、单叶、小型叶和全缘为主。群落垂直结构简单，分层不明显，只分为灌木层和草本层，并有少量的层间植物。灌木层种间相遇机率指数和Shannon-Wiener指数较高，表明该群落目前仍相对稳定，该地区外来飞机草目前处于种群建立时期。

Abstract:

To understand the characteristics of the community with dominant species of a invading injurious weed, Eupatorium odoratum, which is widely distributed in Guangxi Province, the floristic composition, geographic elements, life forms, species diversity in the community as well as community structure were investigated. There are 62 species of 58 genera in 38 families in seven plots with total area of 175 m^2. Most of the genera are of pantropical and Asian tropical comprising 15 and 8 genera, respectively. According to Raunkiaer＇s life-form classification, micro- and nanophanerophytes （48.39%）, therophytes （17.74%） and hemicryptophytes （12.90%） are the dominants. Leaf characters in the community are mostly herbaceous, microphyllous, and of simple leaves or with entire margin. The community structure is simple, having only shrub and herb layers. Both probability of interspecific encounter index and Shannon-Wiener index of diversity in shrub layer are relatively high, suggesting that this community is relatively stable, and E. odoratum is at the stage of population establishment.