入侵害草薇甘菊的防除研究进展

Progress in Studies on the Control of Invasive Weed Mikania micrantha H. B. K.

摘要:

对薇甘菊Mikania micranthnH.B.K.防除的最新研究进展进行了综述。薇甘菊的防除，目前主要采用人工清除、化学防除、生态防除和生物防治等方法，其中生物防治是最有效的防治方法之一。生物防治中艳娴珍蝶Actinote thaliapyrrha和安婀珍蝶A．anteas是较有前途的两种昆虫：柄锈菌Puccinia spegazzirii de Toni能使薇甘菊生长受阻、矮化、枯萎和死亡，在中国有利用的可能；风凰木Delonix regia、血桐Macaranga tanarius、棍伞枫Heteropanax fragrans可以利用植物相克作用控制薇甘菊；菟丝子属Cuscuta的3种菟丝子能侵染薇甘菊，其中田野菟丝子Cuscuta campestris对薇甘菊控制作用较强，是以草治草的一种新方法。

Abstract:

This paper reviews the recent advances in the studies of the control of invasive weed Mikania micrantha H. B. K. in tropical and subtropical Asia. At present, manual removal, herbicides, ecological control and biological control are included in the control ofM. micrantha, in which biological control is one of the most promising ways. I nsects A ctinote thalia pyrrha and A. anteas are effective for the control of the weed. The fungus Puccinia spegazzini can inhibit the weed growth and even kill it, so it may be useful in China. Trees such as Delonix regia, Macaranga tanarius, and Heteropanax fragrans have allelopathic effect on M. micrantha, which could inhibit the regeneration ofM. micrantha. Parasites of three species of Cuscuta, i.e.C, campestris, C. Chinensis and C. australis can effectively kill the aerial parts of the host weed M. micrantha within 72 days.