Abstract:Floristic composition, areal types of genera, species diversity and main forest types as well as plant forms were investigated in community with rare species Podocarpus neriifolius distributed at Ruoliao Mountain in south-west Zhejiang Province. In the areas studied there were 148 species of vascular plants belonging to 52 families and 95 genera, of which 49 genera were of tropical distribution. The species richness and species diversity of woody plants were obviously higher than those of herbs. Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou＇s eveness index of tree, shrub and herbaceous layers were determined. Species diversity was in descending order in shrub layer, tree layer, and herbaceous layer. According to the habitats, community structure and species composition, the communities with Podocarpus neriifolius can be recognized as three forest types： Castanopsis eyreis - Schima superba forest, Schima superba - Machilus thunbergii forest and Rhododendron simiarurn forest.