国产省藤属植物的叶表皮形态学

Leaf Epidermis Morphology of the Genus Calamus L. from China

摘要:

对国产省藤属（Calamus L．）植物17种2变种的叶表皮进行光学显微镜观察，除单叶省藤（C.simplicifolius）、短叶省藤（C.egregiw）和白藤（C.tetradactylus）外，其它种均为首次报道。省藤属植物的叶表皮形态较为一致，气孔器为轮列4细胞型（tetracytic，或称四轮列型），即有4个副卫细胞，其中2个为侧副卫细胞，2个为端副卫细胞；表皮细胞为长方形，纵向排列。表皮毛有3种类型：多细胞排成单列的单毛（人喙省藤C．macrorrhynchus）、多细胞排成2-3列的单毛（毛鳞省藤ethysanolepis等）、多细胞分枝毛（白藤等）。表皮细胞的长度和宽度特征、细胞壁的厚薄及波纹的深浅和形状、端副卫细胞的长短等细微特征在种问存在差异，可以区分种类。叶表皮结构还反映了种问的亲缘关系。因此，叶表皮特征对于省藤属种类的划分和亲缘关系的确定有较大的分类学意义。

Abstract:

Leaf epidermis of 17 species and 2 varieties of Calamus was oberserved under light microscope. The species studied are all reported for the first time, except C. simplicifolius, C. egregius and C. tetradactylus. The leaf epidermal structure of Calamus L. （Palmae） is of the same type： the stomatas are tetracytic with 4 subsidiary cells in which 2 are terminal and 2 lateral. The epidermal cells are oblong, longitudinally extended. There are 3 kinds of trichomes： single hair, multicellular, in single file （C. macrorrhynchus） ; single hair, multicellular, in 2-3 files （C. thysanolepis etc. ） ; ramose hair （C. tetradac tylus etc.）. The length and width of epidermis cells, the thickenss, undulatory depth and shape of cell wall, and the character of terminal subsidiary cells are different among species. Leaf epidermal morphology may verify the relationships of Calamus species and is of significance for classification and systematics of Calamus.