甘蔗生物量育种的ADGE遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Biomass in Sugarcane Using ADGE Model

摘要:

对甘蔗11个亲本品种及不完全双列杂交(NC designⅡ)遗传设计的30个组合的F1代实生苗生物量进行加性．显型-随机环境效应模型(ADGE)分析。结果表明：甘蔗的生物量性状遗传丰要是由基因的加性、显性及加性×环境互作效应共同决定的，但基因的加性效应作用较大；甘蔗杂交亲本对其后代表型的遗传作用丰要为母本的遗传效应影响；甘蔗生物量性状都具有较高的广义遗传率(h²_B)和狭义遗传率(h²_N)，且h²_B>h²_N，说明了对甘蔗生物量性状在选育种早期阶段的选择效果好；通过对亲本的加性基因随机效应分析的综合，较优良的甘蔗亲本有粤糖72／426、粤糖79／177、粤糖85／177、ROC24和ROC25；根据杂交组合显性随机效应分析，认为粤糖72／426×ROC16、粤糖79／177×ROC24、粤糖79／177×ROC23及粤糖80／101×ROC22是较优良的高生物量甘蔗杂交组合，可以应用于甘蔗的高生物量育种。

Abstract:

Thirty hybrids from ll parent sugarcance varieties in a incomplete diallel cross model were obtained．The seedling biomass of all F₁S were analysed by a model of additive-dominance-random environment effect．The results indicated that the inheritance of sugarcane biomass was determined jointly by additive，dominance，and both additive and environm ent interaction effects, in which the additive effect was the most important one．The genetic effect of phenotypic characters from parents on the progenies was influenced mainly by female parent．Both broad-sense and narrow-sense heritabilities in biomass traits were relatively high． and the form er was higher than the latter，suggesting that the selection of biomass traits is effective in early generation．The analyses of additive and dominant effects predicted for parents and cross combinations showed that five parents, viz．YT72／426，YT79／177，YT85／177，ROC24 and ROC25 were accounted to have higher additive effect，and four crosses to have higher dominant effect，which could be used in sugarcane breeding for high biomass．